Windmill



Sept. 29, 1931. w. c. BANKER WINDMILL Filed Feb. 28, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheetl Sept. 29, 1931. w. c. BANKER WINDMILL Filed Feb. 28, 1930 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Illlllllllmm W. C. BANKER Sept. 29, .1931.

WINDMILL Filed Feb. 28, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 y l l l1 u. m a a zPatented Sept. 29, 193,1

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Alipleatlfoired February 28, 1&30.

This invention relates to Windmills, and

has forV its principal object to provide 'a Windmill having' a novel:construction and capabilities.

A further object of the invention is to provide a Windmill Whichincludes go-vernving mechanism to protect the same during excessiveWinds. These and other objects Will be readily understood from thefollowing description of a preferred embodiment,

taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1is an elevation of a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a detail View similar toFig. 2, with the vanes in a differentlocation,

Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 5 is a sectional of F ig. 4.

Referring t0 the drawings, the mill comprises a frame Which may suitablybe built from angle iron and provided with suitable stays to maintainsame rigid. The frame is rmly anchored to the ground and is providedwith guy ropes 1l to prevent the mill from being blown over during Windstorms. y

The frame 10 carries the upper bearing 12 of the vertical main shaft 13,the lower bearing 14 of which is mounted on a suitable foundation 15.Rigidly mounted upon the shaft 13 Vare tWo horizontal heads 16 and 17,which are spaced apart and are connected by a cylinder 18 which isaxially arranged With respect to the shaft 13. The heads 16 and 17project beyond the cylinder 18 and are connected by a cireumferentialseries of vertical bolts 19 which are freely rotatable and carryrigidly, vanes 20. The vanes 20 are curvedv in the horizontal plane asshown in Figs. 2 and 3, and are movable into the positions shown inthese figures and into intermediate positions by mechanism which will behereinafter described. he inner edges of the vanes 2O may suitably bestraight, While the outer edges may be curved as shown in Fig. 4.

detail on the line 5' serial no. f

The inner edge of each vane 20Y carries a bracket 21 which provides averticalfpivotV for aconnecting link 22q to which is piv-" otallyconnected a rod 23. The rods 23 pass through openings 24 in the cylinder18 andl are pivotally connected to a sleeve 25 slidably mounted upon theshaft 13. The pivots of the 'rods 23 are horizontal, and the open-vings24 are so formed that they permit the movement'of the rods inboththe vertical and circumferential directions, which oc`- cur duringoperation as Will be later described. v

Above the head 161 provide a dome 26 and below the head 17 Iy provideasimilar dome 27, which domes are rigidly secured to the heads 1GV and17 and to the shaft 13.y @n the exterior of said domes I providecircumferential series of'vanes. 28 tvhich are preferably curvedinhorizontal planes and are described atan angle to radial direction,` thedirection'- of the vanes 28 corresponding to that of thev'anes 20 in theposition shown in Fig. 2. rlhe vanes `28 are rigidly mounted upon thedomes 26 and 27 and the heads 1G and 17. Above the dome 26 and the vanes28 mounted thereon, there is rigidly mounted upon tlieshaft 13 a collar29 Which provides pivots for rods 30 which carry Weights 31 near theirfree ends; able number of suoli rods and Weights ma be employed, butIliave found' that four are suflicient. The Weights 31 are slidablymounted upon the rods 30 and maybe Aadjusted to Vsuitable `positionthereon, for eX-` ample, by rneans of a series of openings providedinthe rods and screwsf33 `carried bythe Weights 31. Plates 34 maybemounted upon thevanes 28 of the dome 26 to support the Weights 31 intheir lowermost position. Links 35 connectsthe'sleeve 25 to-Vintermediate poin'ts'of the rods 30, said links passing throughopenings in the head v16 and dome 26, which are sufficiently large toaccommodate the movementsof said links. T ie-links 35erspivotally`connected-to the sieeve 25 and rods 30.

The Windmill may be employed las a Any suit-V source of power for anydesired Work. For

example, 4the shaft 13 maybe provided with' a pulley 36 over which runsa belt 37 which operates a dynamo 38.

When the machine is exposed to a relatively moderate wind the relativepositions of the movable parts are as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and L1. Inthis condition the circumferential series of vanes 2O together with thevanos 2S form pockets which catch the wind and effect rotation of theshaft 13 irrespective of the direction of the wind or changes of itsdirection. When, however, the lwind is excessive, the weights 31 willtend to move upwardly towards the level of the collar- 29, the sleeve 25will be drawn upwardly and the rods 23 will force the inner edges of thevanes 2O outwardly and result in the reduction of the force applied bythe wind thereon'. iThen still greater velocities are attained, theupward movementofthe sleeve 25 is sufficient to cause the vanes 2O toassume the position shown in Fig. 3. lVhen this condition isattained,the drive of the shaft 13 is derived exclusively from thevanes'28. As the| wind lessens, the weights 31 and the other movableparts resume the positions shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 4.'

Although the invention has been described in connection with the detailsof a specific embodiment thereof, it =is to' be understood that suchldetails are not intended to be limitative of the invention except in sofar as they are included in the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. A windmill comprising a shaft, a drum mounted axially thereon, a setof vanes rigidly mounted on the top and bottom of said drum and locatedat an angle to the radial direction, vanes pivoted on axes parallelV tothe sha-ft on the exterior of the drum intermediate the two lsets `ofrigid vanes, and adapted to be moved into positions at an angle totheradial direction so that they form pockets with the surface ofthe drum,a governor mounted on said shaft and comprising a member slidable 'onthe shaft within the drum in accordance with variations of speed ofrotation, and links connectingsaid member to said vanes whereby theresistance of the same'A is lessened when excessive speeds are attained.

2. A windmill comprising a shaft, a cylinder mounted'thereon, domesmounted on the shaft at eachend of the cylinder, vanes rigidly mountedon the domes, movable va-nes mounted on the cylinder, and a governoradapted-to control the movable vanes wherebythe resistance of the same.is les.- ened when excessive speeds are attained.

A windmill comprising a sha-ft, spaced heads-secured on the shaft, adrum mounted axially with the shaft and lying between the heads,conoidaldom'es secured to the shaft adjacent each head, vanes rigidlymounted onthe domes and heads, the vanes being located at an angle tothe radial direction to form pockets which are wide at the base of thedome and recede toward the shaft, rods extending between the heads andparallel with the shaft, movable vanes attached near one edge to therods, the vanes having an arcuate free edge so that when the movable{vanes are in their outermost adjusted position they form continuationsof the fixed vanes in a general ovoid contour the whole of which isexposed to the air, a governor mounted on the shaft, a slidable sleeveon the shaft connected to the governor, and links connecting the sleevewith the vanes whereby the latter are deflected when the speed becomesexcessive.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 26' day ofFebruary, 1930.

WILLIAM C. BANKER.

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